eye movements

Neuroanatomy of Eye Movements and Diplopia
Structures of Importance	Frontal eye fields = FEF Supplementary eye fields = SEF Intraparietal sulcus = Parietal eye field = IPS = PEF Lateral occiptotemporal cortex corresponding to monkey medialtemporal/med.sup.temporal = MT/MST Precuneus Medial longitudinal fasciculus = MLF Pontine lateral gaze centre CN 3, 4, 6 Extraocular muscles Vestibulo-ocular pathway Cortico-ocular pathway Caudate Substantia nigra Superior colliculus Midbrain reticular vertical gaze centre
Images	precuneus pathway from frontal eye field supplementary eye field medial longitudinal fasciculus superior colliculus
References	http://anatome.ncl.ac.uk/tutorials/clinical/eye/page5.html CN 3,4 & 6 functions http://www.auto.ucl.ac.be/EYELAB/neurophysio/neurophysio.html http://courses.umassmed.edu/mbb1/2003/bcv/EyeMovement.cfm http://www.emedicine.com/neuro/topic637.htm http: //jn.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/82/1/463 Laurent Petit and James V. Haxby Functional Anatomy of Pursuit Eye Movements in Humans as Revealed by fMRI The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 82 No. 1 July 1999, pp. 463-471
Exercises	draw the abnormalities you expect on examination of someone with impaired CN 3 +/- 4 +/- 6 palsies. Compare your understanding with the illustration on http://anatome.ncl.ac.uk/tutorials/clinical/eye/page5.html draw the pathways for supranuclear control of eye movement draw the pathways related to the pontine nuclei for lateral gaze
Quiz	Name the 7 types of eye movements (help at: http://www.diku.dk/~panic/eyegaze/node16.html ) Explain the one and a half syndrome anatomically (help at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=83271969 ) Explain internuclear ophthalmoplegia (help at: http://www.revoptom.com/handbook/sect6h.htm ) Draw the eye positions that result in symptoms with right CN IV palsy (help at: http://anatome.ncl.ac.uk/tutorials/clinical/eye/page5.html )